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Abstract
This multiphase study was performed to discover if there is an association between high frequency (300MHz - 40GHz) Electromagnetic radiation and ghostly phenomena.
Null Hypothesis: There is an association between high frequency (300MHz - 40GHz)Electromagnetic radiation and ghostly phenomena.
Alternative Hypothesis:There is not an association between high frequency (300MHz - 40GHz)Electromagnetic radiation and ghostly phenomena.
Introduction
Many hypotheses have been put forth that suggests that high frequency EM radiation may be somehow associated with ghostly phenomena. This article presents the collected data from from test sites and environmentally controlled and monitored conditions in accordance with SGHA Method 001. (Click here to read more about this method).
Materials and Methods
This study was carried out using SGHA Method 001, a double blind study which compares data that is collected in "haunted" and "non-haunted" (controlled) environments.
Researchers were trained in the use of a Narda 8616 Radiation Monitoring System with a Narda 8623D Probe. The meter was used to obtain measures in a total of 50 ghost hunts, 25 in Test sites (positive control), 25 in Control Sites (Negative Control). Individual measures higher than normal background readings were recorded. The test was initiated in January 1992 and concluded in April of 1997.
The data collected was analyzed by standard deviation and a two sample (paired) T-Test.
| NEGATIVE CONTROL |
POSITIVE CONTROL |
| Date |
+ Result |
01/17/1992 |
2 |
03/21/1992 |
3 |
04/18/1992 |
0 |
06/13/1992 |
4 |
07/24/1992 |
2 |
08/08/1992 |
2 |
12/19/1992 |
1 |
02/06/1993 |
5 |
06/12/1993 |
3 |
07/24/1993 |
0 |
10/08/1993 |
6 |
11/20/1993 |
4 |
03/12/1994 |
2 |
04/09/1994 |
5 |
07/23/1994 |
1 |
10/08/1994 |
6 |
02/04/1995 |
2 |
07/15/1995 |
7 |
09/16/1995 |
4 |
11/11/1995 |
4 |
05/18/1996 |
1 |
08/10/1996 |
2 |
10/12/1996 |
6 |
11/23/1996 |
5 |
03/22/1997 |
2 |
|
| Date |
+ Result |
02/15/1992 |
6 |
03/14/1992 |
3 |
05/30/1992 |
4 |
06/20/1992 |
2 |
09/19/1992 |
5 |
10/16/1992 |
7 |
10/24/1992 |
2 |
01/23/1993 |
0 |
04/17/1993 |
1 |
05/22/1993 |
0 |
08/22/1993 |
3 |
10/23/1993 |
5 |
01/29/1994 |
2 |
05/21/1994 |
3 |
09/17/1994 |
4 |
10/22/1994 |
1 |
12/10/1994 |
5 |
03/18/1995 |
2 |
10/14/1995 |
5 |
03/09/1996 |
3 |
07/20/1996 |
1 |
08/17/1996 |
4 |
10/19/1996 |
4 |
02/08/1997 |
2 |
04/12/1997 |
5 |
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Results
Repeated Measures Analysis Summary
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Number of repeated measures is 2
Number of subjects read in 25
Means and standard deviations for 2 repeated measures:
1)VAR1: mean = 3.16 s.d. = 1.99332
2)VAR2: mean = 3.16 s.d. = 1.86369
Mean Difference = 0 s.d.(difference) = 2.95804
95% C.I. about Mean Difference is (-1.22167, 1.22167)
Paired t-test
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Hypotheses:
Ho: The mean difference between pairs is 0.
Ha: The mean difference between pairs is not 0.
Calculated t = 0 with 24 D.F. p = 1.0 (two-sided)
Note: For a one-sided test, you must adjust the p-value according to
the direction of your alternative hypothesis.
A paired t-test was performed to determine if there was a difference
between paired differences of VAR1 and VAR2.
The mean difference between pairs of VAR1 and VAR2are not significantly different from 0(zero).
(M=0, SD =2.95804, N= 25), t(24)=.00, two-tail p = 1.0.
Based on the data obtained during the testing period, the null hypothesis is rejected. The alternative hypothesis, that there is no association between High Frequency EM radiation and ghostly phenomena or ghosts do not exist is accepted.
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