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 Articles ~ Research ~ A/C Electromagnetic fields and Paranormal activity

Abstract

This multiphase study was performed to discover if there is an association between A/C (alternating current, 60Hz) Electromagnetic fields and ghostly phenomena.

Null Hypothesis: There is an association between A/C Electromagnetic Fields and perceived ghostly phenomena.

Alternative Hypothesis:There is not an association between A/C Electromagnetic Fields and ghostly phenomena.

Introduction

Many hypotheses have been put forth that suggests that A/C Electromagnetic Fields may be somehow associated with perceived ghostly phenomena. The hypotheses suggest that A/C EMF may cause hallucinations in the human brain which are misinterpreted as paranormal phenomena. This article presents the collected data from from test sites and environmentally controlled and monitored conditions in accordance with SGHA Method 001. (Click here to read more about this method).

Materials and Methods

This study was carried out using SGHA Method 001, a double blind study which compares data that is collected in "haunted" and "non-haunted" (controlled) environments.

Researchers were trained in the use multiple A/C EMF meters (K-2, Sperry model 822A, Cellsensor). The meters were used to obtain measures in a total of 60 ghost hunts, 30 in Test sites (positive control), 30 in Control Sites (Negative Control). Individual measures higher than normal background readings were recorded. The test was initiated in February 1995 and concluded in August of 2002.

The data collected was analyzed by standard deviation and a two sample (paired) T-Test.

NEGATIVE CONTROL POSITIVE CONTROL
Date + Result
02/04/1995
6
07/15/1995
4
09/16/1995
3
11/11/1995
5
05/18/1996
4
08/10/1996
7
10/12/1996
9
11/23/1996
3
03/22/1997
3
06/21/1997
0
08/09/1997
3
09/06/1997
4
02/14/1998
2
04/04/1998
6
04/25/1998
3
06/13/1998
4
08/ 23/1998
0
10/03/1998
7
01/02/1999
5
03/20/1999
4
07/17/1999
3
10/09/1999
4
02/12/2000
6
10/14/2000
4
03/03/2001
5
06/16/2001
3
10/13/2001
6
01/19/2002
4
05/16/2002
2
05/18/2002
8
Date + Result
03/18/1995
3
10/14/1995
6
03/09/1996
7
07/20/1996
4
08/17/1996
6
10/19/1996
7
02/08/1997
3
04/12/1997
5
05/10/1997
4
07/19/1997
2
08/23/1997
3
10/11/1997
5
10/25/1997
9
03/21/1998
4
05/09/1998
3
07/18/1998
5
09/19/1998
2
10/17/1998
6
02/ 13/1999
4
04/17/1999
5
05/08/1999
7
09/11/1999
3
10/23/1999
4
03/26/2000
5
06/09/2001
6
07/22/2001
7
10/20/2001
3
04/12/2002
2
06/23/2002
0
08/24/2002
3

Results

Repeated Measures Analysis Summary
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
Number of repeated measures is 2
Number of subjects read in 30

Means and standard deviations for 2 repeated measures:

1)POSITIVE: mean = 4.43333 s.d. = 1.95965
2)NEGATIVE: mean = 4.23333 s.d. = 2.06253

Mean Difference = 0.2 s.d.(difference) = 2.75931

95% C.I. about Mean Difference is (-0.83275, 1.23275)

Paired t-test
--------------
Hypotheses:

Ho: The mean difference between pairs is 0.
Ha: The mean difference between pairs is not 0.

Calculated t = 0.397 with 29 D.F. p = 0.6943 (two-sided)

Note: For a one-sided test, you must adjust the p-value according to the direction of your alternative hypothesis.

A paired t-test was performed to determine if there was a difference between paired differences of POSITIVE and NEGATIVE.

The mean difference between pairs of POSITIVE and NEGATIVE are not significantly different from 0(zero).
(M=0.2, SD =2.75931, N= 30), t(29)=.40, two-tail p = 0.694.

Based on the data obtained during the testing period, the null hypothesis is rejected. The alternative hypothesis, that there is no association between A/C Electromagnetic Fields and ghostly phenomena or ghosts do not exist is accepted.

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